Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy is often perceived as alarming, especially at first. However, it does not always indicate a serious problem such as an impending miscarriage. The most important steps are to remain calm, contact your obstetrician promptly, and describe the symptoms accurately.

Around 25% of pregnant women experience vaginal bleeding caused by a hematoma, particularly during the first trimester. Although most pregnancy-related hematomas are harmless and resolve on their own, there are situations where they can pose a risk to both mother and baby.

The location and size of the hematoma, as well as the moment it develops, determine whether the pregnancy is considered high-risk and requires closer monitoring.

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Why Hematomas Form During Pregnancy

There are several causes and risk factors associated with hematoma formation.

One possible explanation is implantation, when the embryo attaches to the uterine lining. Medical literature indicates that around 1.5% of pregnant women develop a subchorionic hematoma during this stage due to implantation bleeding.

Other causes and risk factors include:

• Abdominal trauma (accidents, falls)
• Genitourinary infections or inflammation
• Blood clotting disorders
• Preeclampsia
• Severe nausea/toxicosis
• Stress, smoking, alcohol consumption
• Advanced maternal age
• Twin pregnancy
• IVF pregnancy
• History of miscarriage or uterine infection
• Uterine abnormalities

Significant bleeding in the second or third trimester warrants urgent medical attention, as it may indicate placental abruption — a potentially life-threatening condition for both mother and fetus.

Symptoms of a Pregnancy Hematoma

Symptoms depend on the hematoma’s size and location. Some hematomas are detected only during routine ultrasound examinations.

In other cases, pregnant women notice light to moderate bleeding, sometimes with brown, dark red, or even black clots. If bleeding is heavier, abdominal cramps or pain may occur.

How Pregnancy Hematomas Are Managed

There is no universal treatment protocol, but several measures may help minimize risks:

• More frequent pregnancy monitoring
• Avoiding stress
• Avoiding intense physical exertion and heavy lifting
• Abstaining from sexual intercourse

Sometimes progesterone supplementation, antispasmodics, or muscle relaxants may be recommended. However, current evidence does not conclusively prove that these treatments prevent miscarriage caused by hematomas.tispastice și miorelaxante. Cu toate acestea, studiile disponibile nu demonstrează încă în mod clar că aceste tratamente previn avortul spontan asociat hematomului. unui specialist în infertilitate, mai ales dacă aveți peste 30 de ani sau un istoric de avorturi recurente.

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Pregnancy Hematoma

If you have questions related to pregnancy hematoma or would like recommendations on evaluating and monitoring your newborn during the first days of life, you may request an individual consultation at any time. A thorough assessment helps determine the most suitable monitoring and support plan for your child.

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